Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.Under the influence of certain etiological factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which leads to the damage of pancreatic cells.This article presents the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the characteristics of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis Clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, severe pain, which, if not treated in time, can lead to the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or are strap-like in nature.The inflammatory process of the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) are observed, and the general condition of the patient worsens.It becomes pale, and then the skin acquires an earthy-gray hue.In cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice is observed due to compression of the bile duct by the enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They experience hiccups and belching and begin to feel nauseous.In the acute period, constant vomiting is observed.Loss of electrolytes leads to clammy sweats, shortness of breath and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes foamy, with food residues and an unpleasant smell.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and bloating are recorded.Symptoms of pancreatitis include the appearance of bluish spots around the navel.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he must be taken to the hospital immediately.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes anticonvulsants, antiemetic drugs, diuretics (they prevent the swelling of the pancreas and help to quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), pain relievers, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy will be performed to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed starvation.Only mineral water or rosehip decoction is allowed.In the future, low-calorie foods are gradually introduced into the diet, excluding foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
Therapeutic diet
It develops according to the patient's condition.When the acute inflammation stops, the diet includes the following:
- providing the body with proteins, lipids and carbohydrate compounds at a physiological level;
- increasing the amount of vitamins;
- reduction or complete removal of substances that irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete rejection of smoked, spicy, salty, alcohol, spices and canned goods;
- the diet for pancreatitis includes chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60-65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- meals should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed within 1-2 days;
- in case of pancreatitis and gastritis, refusing food can reduce the irritation of the mucous membrane.
Authorized products
If the pancreas is damaged, the patient's diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meats (chicken, rabbit, veal) in the form of soufflé or puree;
- pike, pike, cod (low-fat varieties);
- grated vegetables that must first be boiled or fried;
- crackers or lightly dried bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelette;
- patients with pancreatitis are allowed to consume olive oil and butter as fats;
- Recommended cereals are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina;
- unsweetened baked apples can be eaten as fruit;
- The best drink is rosehip infusion.
When the inflammation stops and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
In case of chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 grams of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with croutons, steamed meat souffle, 200 g of buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelette in the amount of 110 g, steamed, compote;
- 250 g fish roll and tea;
- colostrum (approx. 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, to which you can add milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- rolled oat soup (about 250 g) and meat soufflé (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelette;
- cottage cheese souffle;
- a glass of sleeping milk.
Option 3
- oatmeal and meat souffle, tea;
- cheese;
- oatmeal soup and meat slices (110 g) with mashed potatoes and baked apples;
- egg white omelette;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- sleeping milk
Dietary foods should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and the amount of fats and carbohydrates should be minimized to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis of effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein.Meat dishes should not be roasted or fried, but rather boiled or steamed.Low-fat fish dishes are prepared in a similar way.
Milk is sometimes poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form, no more than half a glass per day.In addition, the diet should not include meat and fish soups, garlic and onions, cabbage and radish.Products made from rye flour are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of the food?
Patients should receive approximately 350 g of carbohydrates per day, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugars.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should be 2,600 kilocalories on average.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, its protein, carbohydrate and fat content, as well as the number of kilocalories.It is used not only to prepare the daily diet of patients suffering from pancreatitis, but also for other diseases that require adequate dietary nutrition.
Traditional treatment methods
Among the traditional medicines, the most effective are:
- Potato juice.Drink half a glass two hours before a meal, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last for 14 days, then take a 10-day break and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of dill and cumin proves useful.
- It is useful to drink the mumiyo solution every night for 10 consecutive days, one hour after meals (2 g per 3 liters of water).
- In case of chronic pancreatitis for 6 months, it is recommended to consume 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) at night, after dissolving in 100 ml of warmed milk.
Folk remedies based on herbs are used to prevent the progression of pancreatitis.The most commonly used are calendula flowers, marshmallow root, cranberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood and mint leaves.
The following remedy will help speed up healing.One kilogram of lemon, parsley root and garlic (300 g) should be put through a meat grinder, everything should be mixed and the resulting mass should be left for two weeks, and then start taking a teaspoon.In case of chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind the chicory root, pour boiling water over it, boil it, then cool it, strain it and drink it in small sips.
In addition to the above remedies, patients are advised to perform special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently draw in your stomach, then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After that, inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and inflate your stomach strongly, then relax.The exercises should be performed in a lying position three times a day, performing 3-9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the outflow of digestive juices, helping to prevent pancreatitis or its exacerbation.
It is worth noting that traditional methods should not be used in acute pancreatitis, as the patient should be provided with immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.